This study investigate and analyzes the causes of the death of Chinese chestnuts in Hubei Province's chestnut main production area such as Luotian, Jingshan, we draw such conclusion from our study that row enclosure and simultaneous lack of boron and phosphorous due to close planting in chestnut orchard have certain influence on growth of chestnut tree but is not the basic cause for the death of this tree. The death is mainly caused by heavy measure in cultivation and light measure in management and the improper management measure in cultivation. To strengthen comprehensive management in technology of high - yield cultivation on chestnut orchard is the most effective way to solve the problem of chestnut death.