Abstract:Based on field survey, distribution and conservation of 82 rare and endangered vertebrate wildlife of Hubei Yerengu Nature Reserve were found out, occupying 28.8% of 285 species of the Nature Reserve. Among them, there were 22 beasts, 43 birds, 9 reptiles and 7 amphibians. 58 species of wild animals were listed as the national key protection, 44 species were listed as the China red list of endangered animals, 61 species were ranked as the threatened wildlife by CITES.