能源植物乌桕杂种苗期形态与光合特性及分子鉴别

Morphology, Photosynthesis Characteristics and Molecular Identification of Sapium sebiferum Roxb. Hybrid in Seedling Stage

摘要:

摘要：随着化石能源的日益枯竭，发展以生物柴油为代表的可再生生物质能源，对缓解能源紧张和保障能源安全具有十分重要的意义。乌桕是生物柴油的优质原料树种，但中国乌桕产量普遍较低。因此，开展高产乌桕品种选育相关研究具有十分重要的意义。笔者以大悟县优良地方乌桕品种葡萄桕（py），鸡爪桕（jy）及其杂种（hy）为材料，对它们的形态学特征、光合作用特点进行了研究，并对杂种进行了分子鉴定。研究结果表明：杂种的形态学特征相关参数都优于其亲本，而且杂种的叶绿素含量最高，光合作用最强，光合生理状态最优，表现出明显的杂种优势。经RAPD分子标记鉴定证实了杂种真实性。这为开展乌桕杂交育种，选育高产乌桕品种提供了重要的理论依据和参考资料。

Abstract:

Abstracts: With the increasingly depletion of fossil energy, it is of great significance in relieving energy shortage and ensuring energy security to develop biomass energy like biodiesel. Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum Roxb.) is a high-quality species to extract biodiesel. But its yield of in China is far lower than that in the United States. So the research about its breeding new varieties of high yield is very significant. Two elite localvarieties in Dawu County, S. sebiferum var. conferticarpum (py) and S. sebiferum var. laxicarpum (jy) and their hybrid (hy) were studied on their morphological characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics. Aslo, the hybrid was identified by RAPD. The results showed that the morphological characteristics of the hybrid were all better than that of its parents. In photosynthetic characteristics research, the chlorophyll contents, level of photosynthesis and photosynthetic physiology of the hybrid were all the best and the hybrid showed obvious heterosis. The detection of RAPD molecular markers confirmed the truth of the hybrid. These results provided important data and reference for cross breeding to select its high yield varieties.