宜昌引种牡丹叶部病害及栽培措施研究

study on Leaf Diseases and cultivation Measures of Introduced paeonia su fruticosa in yichang

摘要:

牡丹被誉为花中之王,但南引牡丹极易感染叶部病害 。为丰富区域观赏花卉品种,选择区域适生品种,探索配套 栽培措施,提高南引牡丹观赏性及选育驯化效率,为当地及相似区域引种观赏牡丹提供技术参考和经验指导 。从山东菏泽 引进 41个观赏牡丹品种,通过不同配套栽培设施处理,对不同品种病情指数统计及连续三年病情指数动态变化趋势分析, 筛选出适应本地栽培的观赏牡丹品种,并总结出引种初期适宜的栽培措施 。不同牡丹品种抗病性具有显著差异,其中珠光 墨润、金阁、飞雁凌空、紫 二乔等 4个品种病害指数最高,均达 78以上,菱花湛露、香玉、岛锦、富贵满堂等 16个品种病害指 数最低均在 63以下;不同栽培措施下牡丹病情指数也具有显著差异,引种初期搭棚处理与覆膜或对照有显著差异,能够有 效降低牡丹叶部病害指数,但随着栽培年限的增加其差异性由显著到不显著 。筛选菱花湛露、香玉、岛锦、富贵满堂、桃红 飞翠、气壮山河、胜葛巾、雪映桃花、鲁粉、层中笑、卷叶红、贵妃插翠、花王、旭港、迎 日 红、乌金耀辉等 16个抗病性较好的品 种,在引种初期连续两年,为了提高引进牡丹品种成活率,建议在 7~9月 采用搭棚模式降低其病情指数,提高引种初期观 赏性,后期适应本地气候环境后,可除去棚膜以降低管理成本。

Abstract:

paeonia su fruticosa is known as the king of flowers, but it is easy to infect leaf diseases in the south china . In order to enrich the varieties of regional ornamental flowers, select regional suitable varieties, explore supporting cultivation measures to improve the ornamental value and breeding and domestication efficiency of paeonia su fruticosa introduced from south china, and what》s more,provide technical reference and experience guidance for the introduction of ornamen- tal paeonia su fruticosa in local and similar regions . 41ornamental its varieties were introduced from shandong Heze for ridge planting. Through the data of the degree of susceptibility of Its leaves in three consecutive years, the variance index of different paeonia su fruticosa varieties, different cultivation measures and different years was analyzed. It was found that the disease resistance of introduced Its leaves was significantly different among varieties, different cultivation meas- ures, but the difference was from significant to insignificant with the increase of cultivation years . Among them, the dis- ease indexof 4 varieties, including zhuguangmorun, Jinge, Feiyanlingkong and zierqiao , was the highest, reaching above 78, while the disease indexof 16varieties, including Linghuazhanlu,xiangyu, Daojing, Fufumantang, was the lowest below 63. Among them,16 varieties such as Linghuazhanlu, xiangyu, Daojing, Fuguimantang, Taohongfeicui were better in disease resistance; And in order to improve the survival rate of imported paeonia su fruticosa varieties for two consecutive years at the initial stage of introduction, it is suggested to build shed from July to september to reduce the disease index to improve the ornamental value . After adapting to the local climate, it can be removed to reduce the management cost.