湘西岩溶区石漠化空间动态研究——以凤凰县为例

Study on Spatial Dynamics of Rocky Desertification in Karst Areas of Western Hunan——A case of Fenghuang County

摘要:

摘要：以湘西州凤凰县2016年和2021年遥感影像为数据基础，基于“3S”技术提取县域尺度岩溶石漠化土地空间分布特征，采用石漠化状况及程度转变矩阵、动态度等指标，分析石漠化转变情况和转变速率，揭示不同程度石漠化土地动态变化规律。结果表明：①凤凰县石漠化土地动态变化呈减轻趋势，石漠化面积减少5 367.92 hm2，占岩溶区土地面积比重由15.42%下降至11.89%；中度、重度、极重度石漠化土地分别减少4 804.07 hm2、798.8 hm2、250.33 hm2，整体情况向好；②石漠化土地演变类型以稳定型为主，凤凰县岩溶区石漠化情况总体是顺向发展；③石漠化土地转变主要趋势向潜在及非石漠化土地转变、严重程度石漠化向较轻程度转变，其中重度、极重度石漠化转变动态度分别为-10.44%、-18.40%。研究结果对湘西地区近五年的石漠化动态特征分析有参考意义，以期对未来石漠化综合治理方向提供支撑。

Abstract:

Abstract：Based on the remote sensing images of Fenghuang County, Xiangxi Prefecture in 2016 and 2021, the spatial distribution characteristics of karst rocky desertification land at the county scale are extracted based on the "3S" technology. The rocky desertification status, degree transformation matrix and dynamic degree were used to analyzed the rocky desertification transformation and transformation rate, and reveal the dynamic change law of rocky desertification land with different degrees. The results show that: ①The dynamic change of rocky desertification land in Fenghuang County shows a decreasing trend, and the rocky desertification areas decreases by 5367.92 hm2, accounting for 11.89% of the land area in karst areas from 15.42%; Moderate, severe and extremely severe rocky desertification land decreased by 4 804.07 hm2, 798.8 hm2 and 250.33 hm2 respectively, and the overall situation was better;② The evolution type of rocky desertification land was mainly stable, and the Rocky Desertification in the karst areas of Fenghuang county developed in a forward direction;③The main trend of rocky desertification land transformation was to potential and non rocky desertification land, and the severity of rocky desertification was to light degree. The dynamic degrees of severe and extremely severe rocky desertification were -10.44% and -18.40% respectively. The research results have reference significance for the analysis of the dynamic characteristics of rocky desertification in Western Hunan in recent five years, in order to provide support for the comprehensive control of rocky desertification in the future.