不同来源花粉对‘红阳'猕猴桃果实品质的影响

EfectsofDiferentPolenonFruitQualityof·Hongyang,Actinidiachinensis

摘要:

研究不同来源花粉对·红阳,猕猴桃坐果率和果实品质的影响 ,为·红阳,猕猴桃合理配置授粉树和杂交育种亲本 选择提供理论依据 。选用·金艳,雄和 17份野生猕猴桃花粉对·红阳,猕猴桃授粉 ,观测各授粉组合坐果率及单果重、纵径 、 横径、果形指数、干物质、可溶性固形物、维生素 C、总糖、总酸等果实品质指标 ,运用变异分析、主成分分析和聚类分析对果 实品质性状指标进行综合分析和评价 。野生猕猴桃花粉均能不同程度提高坐果率 ,增长率为 6.7%~33.4%;变异分析表 明·红阳,猕猴桃在果实内外在品质方面都表现花粉直感效应显著差异 ,变异系数为 3.10%~14.69% ,其中单果质量、维生 素 C和糖酸比方面变异程度较大;主成分分析将 10个果实品质指标归为4个主成分 ,累积贡献率达到 85.859% ,可综合概 括 10个果实品质性状的信息 ,并根据综合得分进行排序 。聚类分析将 18个授粉组合划分为 2个类群 ,且主成分分析和聚 类分析结果基本 一致 ,X26和 X32授粉组合的综合花粉直感效应最佳 。不同来源花粉对·红阳,猕猴桃花粉直感效应表现 显著差异 ,通过花粉质感效应提高单果质量、维生素 C和糖酸比的潜力较大 ,整体看 X26和 X32授粉组合的综合花粉直感 效应最佳 ,说明花粉直感效应研究为合理配置授粉树提供了参考依据 ,对促进猕猴桃产业健康发展具有重要意义 。 同 时 , 在猕猴桃杂交育种的亲本选择过程中具有指导意义。

Abstract:

Theefectsofdiferentpolenonfruitqualityandfruitsetingrateof·Hongyang,kiwifruitwasresearched, toprovidetheoreticalbasisforrationalalocationofpolinationtresandparentalselectioninA.chinensiscrosbred- ing.Totalof18A.chinensispolinators,Jinyanandseventenwildresources,wereusedforpolinating·Hongyang,A. chinensiscultivar.Wemeasuredfruitsetingrateandfruitqualityindicatorssuchasfruitweight,longitudinaldiameter, transversediameter,fruitshapeindex,drymatercontent,solublesolidcontent,vitaminC content,totalsugarcontent andtotalacidcontent.SPS23statisticalsoftwarewasusedforone-wayanalysis,principalcomponentanalysis(PCA) andclusteranalysistoanalyzeandevaluatethefruitqualityofdiferentpolinationcombinations.Theresultsshowedthat alpolensfromwildresourcescanimprovefruitsetingrate,andthegrowthratewas6.7%~33.4% .Therearesignifi- cantdiferencesintheinternalandexternalfruitqualitybetwen diferentpolinationconbinations,withthecoeficient ofvariationrangingfrom 3.10% to53.89% .Amongalthefruitqualityindicators,thefruitweight,vitaminC content andSugar-acidratiohavethelargervaration.Fourprinciplecomponentswithcharacteristicrootsgreaterthan1 areex- tractedbyPCA,andthecumulativecontrbutionrateis85.859% ,whichcanrepresenttheinformationof10fruitquality traits.Acordingtothecomprehensivescore,werankthefruitqualityamong18polinationcombinations.Theresultsofclusteranalysisindicatethat18polinationcombinationscouldbeclusteredintotwogroupswithEuclideandistanceof25◆ andtheresultsofclusteranalysisarebasicaly consistentwiththeresultsofPCA.Basedonthesefindings◆weconcluded thattherearesignificantdiferencesbetwen diferentpolinationconbinations◆andpolenxeniahasgreatpotentialto improvesinglefruitquality◆vitaminCandsugar-acidratio.Overal◆thepolinationcombinationsx26andx32performed wel.Therefore◆theresearchprovidea referenceforrationalalocationofpolinationtres◆whichcanpromotethe healthydevelopmentofthekiwifruitindustry◆andalsocanguideparentalselectioninkiwifruitcrosbreding