恩施州红豆属植物种群分布与特征研究

population Distribution and characteristics Research of plants of ormosia in Enshi Autonomous prefecture

摘要:

为了进一步了解湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州(以下简称恩施州)境内国家"级重点保护野生植物红豆属植物种群 分布特征和保护现状,对恩施州境内分布的国家"级重点保护红豆属植物进行全面调查与分析 。结果表明:①恩施州 自 然分 布红豆属植物 3种:红豆树、花榈木和秃叶红豆 。②秃叶红豆与花榈木主要分布于恩施州中部,红豆树主要分布于恩施州 东北部 。③秃叶红豆主要分布在海拔 600~1000m,花榈木主要分布在拔 400~800m,红豆树广泛分布于海拔 400~ 1200m 。④秃叶红豆和花榈木主要分布在山坡林中与路边林缘,红豆树各生境均有分布 。⑤秃叶红豆种群多为 1~5株 , 红豆树分布较均匀 。⑥秃叶红豆种群多大树,少幼树或幼苗;花榈木种群无大树,多幼树,少幼苗;红豆树少大树,多幼树, 少幼苗 。恩施州现有红豆属植物都面临着一定的 自然和人为干扰,加强对其保护势在必行。

Abstract:

In order to Further understand distribution characteristics and protection status oFthe wild plant oFthe genus Ormosia in EnshiTujia and Miao Autonomous preFecture oFHubei province , the historical data and detailed Field investi- gation were conducted in Enshi preFecture, The resuits showed that:①There were three species oFOrmosia naturally dis- tributed in Enshi preFecture:O. hosiei, O. henryi and O. nuda . ②O. nuda and O. henryi were mainly distributed in the middle oFEnshi preFecture, and O. hosiei were mainly distributed in the northeast oFEnshi preFecture . ③O. nuda were mainly distributed within 600 to 1 000 m, O. henryi were mainly distributed within 400 to 800 m, and O. hosiei were widely distributed within 400to 1200m . ④O. nuda and O. henryi were mainly distributed in hillside Forests and roadside Forest edges . O. hosiei were distributed in all habitats . ⑤The population oFO. nuda was mostly 1~5plants, and the num- ber oFO. hosiei was mostly uniForm . ⑥The population oFO. nuda had more big trees and Fewer young trees or seedlings; There were no big trees, more young trees and Fewer seedlings in the population oFO. henryi ; There were Fewer big trees, more young trees and Fewer seedlings in the population oFO. hosiei. The existing plants oFthe genus Ormosia in Enshi were Faced with certain natural and human interFerence , so it is imperative to strengthen their protection .