湖北省外来入侵植物调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on Alien Invasive plants in Hubei province

摘要:

基于文献资料和野外调查数据,分析了湖北省外来入侵植物的种类组成、分布状况、生活型、原产地信息和危害 程度o 结果表明:①湖北省共有外来入侵植物 43科 110属 178种,其中菊科种类最多,有 42种 , 占种总数的 23. 60%,其次 是豆科 24种 , 占 13. 48%o ②全省各地均有外来入侵植物分布,其中武汉市外来入侵植物的种类最多,有 138种,其次为宜 昌市,有 121种,神农架林区最少,只有 81种 o ③根据起源地分析,起源于北美洲的入侵植物最多,有 88种,其次为南美洲, 有入侵植物 73种 o ④根据外来入侵植物对湖北省生态系统的危害程度分为 5个等级: I 级恶性入侵种有 18种 , Ⅱ 级严重 入侵种有 21种,Ⅲ级局部入侵种有 34种,Ⅳ级一般入侵种有 43种, V级有待观察种 62种

Abstract:

The species composition, distribution, life form, origin information and harmfulness of alien invasive plants in Hubei province were analyzed via relevant literature and field surveys . The results showed that : ①Atotal of 178alien in- vasive plants species were identified, which belonged to 110genera and 43families . The most common families represented were Compositae with 42species(23. 60%) , followed by Leguminosae with 24species(13. 48%) . ②Alien invasive plants were found in all over the province, among which wuhan City had the most alien invasive plants with 138 species , fol- lowed by yichang City with 121species , and shennongjia had the least alieninvasive plants with81species . ③According to the origin analysis , the most alien invasive plants originated in North America, with 88species , followed by south Ameri- ca , with 73species . ④All alien invasive plants were ranked into 5grades according to the damage to the ecosystem in Hu- bei province . There were 18malignant invasive species at level 1, 21serious invasive species at level 2, 34 local invasive species at level 3, 43general invasive species at level 4, a left 62species with unknown damage wait for further observa- tion at level 5.