湖南南山国家公园生态区资源冷杉种群现状调查

Investigation of population status of Abies ziyuanensis in Ecological Area of Nanshan National park in Hunan province

摘要:

掌握资源冷杉野生种群生长现状,是制定种群保育措施与开展生物多样性保护的重要依据 。本研究采用样地和 样方调查方法,对湖南南山国家公园生态区的资源冷杉野生种群进行详细调查,分析了现存资源冷杉种群的数量分布、生 境特征、群落结构、年龄结构以及胸径树高结构等方面的现状 。结果表明:湖南南山 国家公园生态区的资源冷杉野生植株 数量为 106株(不包括幼苗);其分布区域的海拔 1450~1900m,土壤为山地黄棕壤,年平均温度 9. 5~14. 5 ℃,年均降雨 量 1218~2018mm,年均相对湿度 79. 2%~85. 6%;现有种群的群落结构完整,具有明显的乔灌草分层;年龄结构存在不 合理现象,不同种群的胸径树高差异显著(P<0. 05) 。结合现存资源冷杉存在的更新繁育问题,从增加种群数量、改善种群 群落结构与年龄结构三个方面提出了资源冷杉种群的保育对策,为南方地区资源冷杉种群的保护提供参考。

Abstract:

The status of the wild population growth of Abies ziyuanensis is crucial for formulating population conserva- tion measures and biodiversity protection . In this study, we conducted field surveys on A. ziyuanensis populations in Nans- han National park in Hunan, using plot and quadrat sampling methods . we analyzed the quantity distribution,habitat char- acteristics,population composition, age structure, and height-diameter tree structure of the current populations . The results showed that the number of wild plants of A. ziyuanensis in Hunan Nanshan National park was 106 (excluding seedlings) . The altitude of its distribution area ranged from 1450—1900m, the soil was montane yellow-brown soil, the average an- nual temperature was 9. 5—14. 5 ℃ , the average annual rainfall was 1218—2018mm, and the average annual relative hu- midity was 79. 2%—85. 6% . The existing community structure was intact and shows clear tree, shrub and herb layers . The age structure showed some anomalies, and the height-diameter tree differences among different populations were signifi- cant (p<0. 05) . considering the issues of regeneration and breeding in the existing population, we propose conservation strategies for A. ziyuanensis from three aspects:increasing the population size, improving the community structure and age structure . The findings and conservation strategies for A. ziyuanensis can provide references for the protection of popula- tions in southern china .