Abstract:The Baiji National Nature Reserve of Xinluo Section Yangtze River in Hubei is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River which is one of the important river dolphin reserves in China.A survey of vascular plants was conducted in the reserve during 2022 to 2023.The survey results showed that there were a total of 726 species of vascular plants in 136 families, 445 genera, including 8 families, 9 genera, 12 species of ferns, 5 families, 11 genera, 14 species of gymnosperms, 123 families, 425 genera, 700 species of angiosperms.The results of flora analysis showed that the vascular plants in the reserve were widely related to the global flora at the family level.At the genus level, temperate component distribution type and tropical component distribution type are dominant, with obvious characteristics of tropical temperate transition.The results of this research provide scientific basis for biodiversity maintenance and habitat protection and management of endangered species for the Baiji National Nature Reserve.