武汉城市森林空气环境效应研究—以九峰国家森林公园为例

Effect of Seasonal Variation on Air Environment Ouality of Typical Forest in Suburban Wuhan :A Case of Jiufeng National Forest Park

摘要:

为探究城市森林空气环境的变化规律，以九峰国家森林公园为研究对象，以空气负离子浓度为主要监测指标，同步监测空气温、湿度，空气颗粒物浓度等，阐明其季节性变化规律，探索影响空气负离子浓度的主要因素。结果表明：森林环境可以显著改善空气温度、湿度，春季和秋季各林分的林内环境均达到“体感舒适”等级；与对照相比，各林分类型对PM1.0、PM2.5和PM10有明显净化效果，其中秋季林分净化率高于夏季，春季最低，针叶+常绿阔叶林的颗粒物净化率相对较高；空气负离子浓度总体表现为夏季>春季>秋季，春季和秋季各林分空气负离子浓度的峰值出现时间主要集中在16:00，夏季则是在10:00;影响空气负离子浓度的主要因素在不同季节存在差异，各类型颗粒物浓度、天空开阔度在各季节均与负离子浓度呈极显著或显著负相关关系；空气负离子浓度在春季与空气湿度呈显著正相关，在夏季与树高呈显著正相关，在秋季则与空气温度、叶面积指数和树高表现出显著正相关关系。

Abstract:

In order to explore the changes of urban forests air environment , Jiufeng National Forest Park in Wuhan City was taken as the research object , and air negative ion concentration was taken as the main monitoring index to simultane- ously monitor air temperature , humidity , and air particle concentration , etc . , clarify their seasonal change rules , and ex- plore the main factors affecting air negative ion concentration . The results showed that the forest environment could sig- nificantly improve the air temperature and humidity, and the environment of each forest type reached the " body comfort- able " grade in spring and autumn . Compared with the control , each forest type had obvious purifying effect on PM1 , PM2. 5 and PM10 . The rate of particulate matter clearance in autumn was higher than that in summer , and the lowest was in spring. In each season , the particulate clearance rate of coniferous and evergreen broad-leaved forest was higher . The air negative ions concentration presented that summer >spring>autumn , and the peak time of negative ion concentration in spring and autumn was mainly focused at 16:00, and it was at 10: 00 in summer . There were seasonal differences in the main factors affecting the air negative ions concentration . The concentration of each particulate type matter and canopy sky openness were extremely significantly or significantly negatively correlated with the negative ions concentration in each season . In addition , the air negative ions concentration was significantly positively correlated with air humidity in spring and with tree height in summer . In autumn , it was positively correlated with air temperature , leaf area index and tree height.