湖北省天台山林场马尾松林林分结构特征

Stand Structure Characteristics of Pinus massoniana Forest in Tiantaishan Forest Farm, Hubei Province

摘要:

分析林分空间结构是掌握林分结构特征的重要途径之一。本研究以湖北省红安县天台山不同类型马尾松林为研究对象，基于样地调查，分析比较不同类型马尾松林空间结构差异。结果表明：马尾松混交林的径级结构相对合理，总体呈倒 “J” 型分布；马尾松纯林、以马尾松为主的针阔混交林、以阔叶树为主的针阔混交林等 3 种林分类型均处于轻度聚集分布状态，混交林的平均林木竞争指数（1.8813 和 2.0117）显著高于纯林（1.5022）；随着树木的生长，林木个体间的竞争逐渐减小。总体来说，马尾松针阔混交林的林分空间结构好于马尾松纯林。从林分结构来看，在对该区域马尾松纯林进行改造时，建议以马尾松为主的针阔混交林为参照对象，从调整径级结构和优化林木分布格局为重点设计林分改造经营措施。

Abstract:

The analysis of stand spatial structure is one of the important approaches to understanding forest structural characteristics. Based on sample site survey, this study investigated different types of Pinus massoniana forests in Hongan Tiantai Mountain, Hubei Province, to analyze and compare their spatial structural differences. The results showed that the diameter class distribution of mixed Pinus massoniana forests was relatively reasonable, presenting an inverted "J"-shaped pattern. Three forest types-pure Pinus massoniana forest, coniferous-broadleaf mixed forest dominated by Pinus massoniana, and coniferous-broadleaf mixed forest dominated by broadleaf trees-all exhibited mildly aggregated distribution patterns. The average competition index of mixed forests (1.8813 and 2.0117) was significantly higher than that of pure forests (1.5022). As trees grow, competition among individual trees gradually decreases.Overall, the spatial structure of coniferous-broadleaf mixed Pinus massoniana forests outperformed that of pure Pinus massoniana forests. For the transformation of pure Pinus massoniana forests in this area, the coniferous-broadleaf mixed forest dominated by Pinus massoniana could serve as a reference model. From the perspective of stand structure, management measures are suggested to focus on adjusting diameter class structures and optimizing the distribution patterns.