薄壳山核桃良种选育研究

Research on the Breeding of Carya illinoensis

摘要:

为筛选出适宜湖北区域栽培的薄壳山核桃优良品种，以从湖北省广水市 66.67hm2 实生薄壳山核桃林中初选、复选得到的 15 个单株为材料，进行主要性状的测定，并开展相关性分析和主成分分析，最终筛选出 5 个优良单株，其中 2 个可作为用材良种，3 个可作为食用良种。研究结果表明：薄壳山核桃树高、胸径、冠幅等树体性状与核仁重量正相关，而叶柄长、顶叶宽与果实纵径负相关。并且树高、胸径、冠幅、叶柄长、顶叶长和顶叶宽能反映薄壳山核桃优树树体的生长发育性状；果实横径、核果重量、核仁重量、出仁率、果实纵径和果壳厚度能够反映薄壳山核桃优树果实的综合性状。研究结果为湖北省薄壳山核桃良种选育和推广利用提供了科学依据。

Abstract:

In order to screen out the excellent varieties of Carya illinoensis suitable for cultivation in Hubei Province, 15 individual plants obtained from 66.67 hm2 of Carya illinoensis forest in Guangshui City, Hubei Province were used as materials, the main traits were determined, and correlation analysis and principal component analysis were carried out, and finally 5 excellent individual plants were screened, of which 2 could be used as improved varieties for timber and 3 could be used as edible varieties.The results showed that tree body traits such as height, DBH and crown width were positively correlated with kernel weight, while petiole length and parietal leaf length were negatively correlated with fruit longitudinal diameter. In addition, tree height, DBH, crown width, petiole length, parietal leaf length and parietal leaf width could reflect the growth and development traits of the excellent individual of Carya illinoensis. Fruit transverse diameter, drupe weight, kernel weight, kernel yield, fruit longitudinal diameter and husk thickness could reflect the comprehensive traits of the excellent individual's fruits.This study provides a scientific basis for the selection and the promotion of improved varieties of Carya illinoensis in Hubei Province.